Retraction and correction
Procedure for retracting articles
The editorial board reserves the right to retract already published articles in cases where significant violations of academic integrity are detected: plagiarism, fabrication or falsification of data, duplicate publication, false results, or other serious violations of ethical standards. The decision on retraction is made by the editor-in-chief in consultation with the editorial board, in accordance with the recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).
Publication of corrections and clarifications
In the case of minor errors that do not affect the overall results of the study, the editorial board publishes corrections or clarifications (corrigendum/erratum). Such corrections are linked to the original article through the DOI system and maintain the transparency of editorial practice.
Actions in case of serious violations
If, after publication, serious violations or significant shortcomings are discovered that call into question the scientific certainty or ethical correctness of the material, the article is subject to retraction. Retracted articles remain freely accessible but are accompanied by a clear “Retracted” label with an explanation of the reasons. This approach is in line with international practice and ensures the integrity of the scientific record.